![]() 6 Structural racism emphasizes the role of the structures (laws, policies, institutional practices, and entrenched norms) that are the systems’ scaffolding. Systemic racism emphasizes the involvement of whole systems, and often all systems-for example, political, legal, economic, health care, school, and criminal justice systems-including the structures that uphold the systems. Although systemic racism and structural racism are often used interchangeably, they have somewhat different emphases. 5 They reflect both ongoing and historical injustices. ![]() ![]() 4 Systemic and structural racism are forms of racism that are pervasively and deeply embedded in and throughout systems, laws, written or unwritten policies, entrenched practices, and established beliefs and attitudes that produce, condone, and perpetuate widespread unfair treatment of people of color. Racism is not always conscious, intentional, or explicit-often it is systemic and structural. Racism is the relegation of people of color to inferior status and treatment based on unfounded beliefs about innate inferiority, as well as unjust treatment and oppression of people of color, whether intended or not. People of color is a term used to refer to African Americans, American Indians/Alaska Natives, Asian Americans, Latinos/Hispanics, and Native Hawaiians/other Pacific Islanders. Because systemic and structural racism permeate all sectors and areas, addressing them will require mutually reinforcing actions in multiple sectors and places acknowledging their existence is a crucial first step. This article defines systemic and structural racism, using examples explains how they damage health through many causal pathways and suggests approaches to dismantling them. Examples include residential segregation, unfair lending practices and other barriers to home ownership and accumulating wealth, schools’ dependence on local property taxes, environmental injustice, biased policing and sentencing of men and boys of color, and voter suppression policies. Systemic and structural racism are forms of racism that are pervasively and deeply embedded in systems, laws, written or unwritten policies, and entrenched practices and beliefs that produce, condone, and perpetuate widespread unfair treatment and oppression of people of color, with adverse health consequences. This means they may find it hard to look after themselves and need help with daily life.Racism is not always conscious, explicit, or readily visible-often it is systemic and structural. ![]() Some autistic people have a learning disability. Some autistic people have average or above average intelligence. an infection you can spread to other peopleĪutistic people can have any level of intelligence.So it may sometimes be passed on to a child by their parents. Nobody knows what causes autism, or if it has a cause. But if you were diagnosed with it before, this will stay as your diagnosis. Some people call this "high-functioning" autism.ĭoctors do not diagnose people with Asperger's anymore because it's now thought of as part of autism spectrum disorder. People with Asperger's do not have the same learning disabilities that many people with autism have, but they might have a specific learning difficulty. Asperger's (or Asperger syndrome) is used by some people to describe autistic people with average or above average intelligence.autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is the medical name for autism.There are other names for autism used by some people, such as: Others may need help from a parent or carer every day. Some autistic people need little or no support. This means everybody with autism is different. Autism is different for everyoneĪutism is a spectrum. But you might need extra help with these things. Like everyone, autistic people have things they're good at as well as things they struggle with.īeing autistic does not mean you can never make friends, have relationships or get a job. Autistic people can live a full lifeīeing autistic does not have to stop you having a good life. ![]() But some people need support to help them with certain things. If you're autistic, you're autistic your whole life.Īutism is not a medical condition with treatments or a "cure". Signs of autism might be noticed when you're very young, or not until you're older. It means your brain works in a different way from other people. Being autistic does not mean you have an illness or disease. ![]()
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